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A Notice of Deficiency is an official document issued by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) to inform taxpayers that they owe more taxes than they reported on their tax return. This notice is a serious matter that can have significant financial consequences for the taxpayer. Here are some FAQs about Notice of Deficiency:

What Is a Notice of Deficiency?

A Notice of Deficiency is a legal document that the IRS sends to taxpayers when it disagrees with the amount of taxes reported on their tax returns. The notice will specify the amount of additional tax owed, along with any interest and penalties.

Why Does the IRS Issue a Notice of Deficiency?

The IRS issues a Notice of Deficiency when it believes that a taxpayer has not reported all of their income, has claimed incorrect deductions or credits, or has made other errors on their tax return. The notice gives the taxpayer an opportunity to dispute the IRS’s findings and provide additional information to support their position.

How Is a Notice of Deficiency Issued?

The IRS typically issues a Notice of Deficiency by certified mail. The notice will be sent to the taxpayer’s last known address, which is usually the address listed on their most recent tax return.

What Are the Consequences of Receiving a Notice of Deficiency?

Receiving a Notice of Deficiency is a serious matter. If the taxpayer does not respond to the notice or if they are unable to successfully dispute the IRS’s findings, the additional taxes, interest, and penalties will become due and payable. The IRS can take collection actions against the taxpayer, such as placing a lien on their property, seizing their assets, or garnishing their wages.

How Does a Taxpayer Respond to a Notice of Deficiency?

The taxpayer has 90 days from the date of the Notice of Deficiency to file a petition with the United States Tax Court. If the taxpayer does not file a petition within 90 days, the IRS’s findings become final, and the taxpayer will be required to pay additional taxes, interest, and penalties.

What Happens If the Taxpayer Files a Petition with the Tax Court?

If the taxpayer files a petition with the Tax Court, they will have the opportunity to dispute the IRS’s findings and present evidence to support their position. The Tax Court will then review the case and issue a decision. If the Tax Court agrees with the taxpayer, the additional taxes, interest, and penalties may be reduced or eliminated. If the Tax Court agrees with the IRS, the taxpayer must pay additional taxes, interest, and penalties.

Can a Taxpayer Dispute a Notice of Deficiency without Going to Tax Court?

Yes, a taxpayer can dispute a Notice of Deficiency without going to Tax Court. The taxpayer can request a conference with an IRS Appeals Officer to discuss their case and try to reach a resolution. If the taxpayer is still not satisfied with the outcome, they can request mediation or file a lawsuit in federal district court.

What Should a Taxpayer Do If They Receive a Notice of Deficiency?

If a taxpayer receives a Notice of Deficiency, they should take it seriously and act promptly. The taxpayer should review the notice carefully and gather any documentation or other evidence to support their position. The taxpayer should consider consulting with a tax professional or attorney to help them respond to the notice and protect their rights.

Can a Notice of Deficiency Be Avoided?

The best way to avoid receiving a Notice of Deficiency is to file an accurate and complete tax return. Taxpayers should carefully review their tax returns before filing to ensure that all income is reported, all deductions and credits are accurate and valid, and all supporting documentation is included. Additionally, taxpayers should keep all records and receipts related to their tax returns in case they need to substantiate their positions later.

Can a Notice of Deficiency Be Negotiated or Settled?

In some cases, the IRS may be willing to negotiate or settle a Notice of Deficiency. If a taxpayer is unable to pay the full amount due, they may be eligible to request an Offer in Compromise, which would allow them to settle their tax burden for a smaller sum. However, these options may not be available in all cases, and taxpayers should consult with a tax professional or attorney to determine the best course of action for their particular situation.

A Notice of Deficiency is a serious matter that requires prompt attention and action by the taxpayer. If you receive a Notice of Deficiency, it is important to review it carefully, gather any necessary documentation, and consider consulting with a tax attorney to help you respond to the notice and protect your rights.

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